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(c. for Latin circa means "around" and indicates an approximate date.)
BC
c. 40-8,000 Asian land bridge allowed migration to America. Mayans
c. 11,000 Clovis people hunted mammoths with spears. Mayans
c. 5,000 Corn (maize) was grown in Mexico. Mayans
c. 4,000 Beans were grown in Mexico. Mayans
c. 4,000 Peru grew llamas, corn, potatoes, and cotton. Mayans
c. 2700 Pyramids were built in Peru. Mayans
c. 1500 Olmecs lived near Gulf of Mexico. Mayans
c. 900-200 Chavin culture grew coca in Peru. Mayans
c. 850 Corn farming improved in Peru. Mayans
c. 550 Zoque built pyramids in Chiapas. Mayans
c. 50 Mayans used hieroglyphics.
CE
c. 250 Tikal Mayans began building large pyramids.
c. 300 Teotihuacan had about 80,000 people. Mayans
378 Mayan Tikal
ruler conquered Uaxactun.
378 Smoking Frog began ruling Uaxactun. Mayans
c. 450 Ohio river valley people built mounds. Northern
America
562 Mayan Caracol
ruler Lord Water defeated Tikal.
578-628 Butz Chan ruled Mayan Copan.
615-83 Pacal ruled Mayan Palenque.
628-95 Smoke Imix ruled Mayan Copan.
631 Mayan Caracol
ruler Lord Kan II defeated Naranjo.
631-81 Six Tun Bird Jaguar ruled Mayan Yaxchilan.
659 Mayan Palenque
ruler Pacal made war on Yaxchilan.
679 Petexbatun sacrificed Tikal ruler Shield Skull. Mayans
681-742 Shield Jaguar II ruled MayanYaxchilan.
682-734 Ah Cacau ruled Mayans
Tikal.
695 Mayan Tikal
captured Jaguar Paw of Calakmul.
695-738 Eighteen Rabbit ruled Mayan Copan.
698-727 Shield God K ruled Mayan Petexbatun.
710 Naranjo ruler Smoking Squirrel raided the Yaxha. Mayans
711 Mayan Tonina
captured Palenque king Kan Xul II.
738 Quirigua ruler Cauac Sky sacrificed 18 Rabbit. Mayans
c. 750 Teotihuacan was smashed and burned. Mayans
761 Mayan Tamarindito
sacrificed 4th Petexbatun king.
c. 800-1400 Mound builders had cities in Mississippi Valley. Northern America
808 Last date was recorded in Mayan Yaxchilan.
810 Last date was recorded in Mayan Quirigua.
822 Last date was recorded in Mayan Copan.
849-1221 Itza Maya occupied Chichen Itza.
889 Last date was recorded in Mayan Tikal.
c. 900 Zapotec centralized government ended. Mayans
c. 950 Toltecs
became prominent in valley of Mexico.
1004-07 Thorvald Erikson explored northeastern America.
1030-63 Eight-Deer ruled the Mixtecs. Toltecs
c. 1168 Toltec
Tollan was destroyed.
c. 1200 Pueblo people lived in Mesa Verde. Anasazi
1325 Tenochtitlan was founded in Mexico. Aztecs
1358 Tlatelolco was founded in Mexico. Aztecs
1371-1426 Tezozomoc ruled Tepanecs. Aztecs
1372-91 Acamapichtli ruled the Mexica. Aztecs
1391-1414 Huitzilihuitl ruled the Mexica. Aztecs
1395 Mexica and Tepanecs conquered Tlaxcala. Aztecs
c. 1400 Hopi lived peacefully north of Mexico. Anasazi
1409-18 Ixtlilxochitl ruled Texcoco. Aztecs
1414-26 Chimalpopoca ruled the Mexica. Aztecs
1418-72 Nezahualcoyotl ruled Texcoco. Aztecs
1426-28 Maxtla ruled Tepanecs. Aztecs
1427-40 Itzcoatl ruled the Aztecs.
1428 Aztecs
destroyed Tepanec Azcapotzalco.
1438-71 Pachacuti ruled Inca
empire.
1440-68 Moteuczoma Ilhuicamina ruled the Aztecs.
1441 Ah Xupan Xiu led revolt that destroyed Mayapan. Mayans
1444 Aztecs
defeated Chalca and sacrificed 500.
c. 1450 Quiché Mayans reached their maximum power.
c. 1450 Mohawk Hiawatha began Iroquois
federation.
1451-54 Tenochtitlan suffered famine. Aztecs
1465 Aztec empire
annexed Chalco.
1469-81 Axayacatl ruled Aztec
empire.
1471-93 Topa Inca ruled Inca
empire.
1472-1516 Nezahualpilli ruled Texcoco. Aztecs
1478 Tarascans defeated the Mexica. Aztecs
1486-1502 Ahuitzotl ruled Aztec
empire.
1492-1504 Columbus
colonized, explored Caribbean.
1493 Pope Alexander VI gave America to Spain. Columbus
1493 Syphilis appeared in Europe. Columbus
1493-1526 Huayna Capac ruled Inca
empire.
1494 Spain and Portugal
made Tordesillas Treaty. Columbus
1495 Columbus enslaved
1,600 Tainos.
1496 Oaxaca Zapotecs revolted against unfair trade. Aztecs
1500 Colon brothers were sent to Spain in chains. Columbus
1500 Portuguese Cabral discovered South America. Brazil
1502-09 Ovando governed Española (Haiti). Caribbean
1502-20 Moteuczoma Xocoyotl ruled Aztecs.
Mexico
1505 African slaves were brought to Española. Caribbean
1509 Ponce de Leon colonized Puerto Rico. Caribbean
1509-23 Diego Colon governed Española. Caribbean
1511 Velazquez and Narvaez conquered Cuba. Caribbean
1511 Montesinos criticized conquest at Santo Domingo. Caribbean
1511 Noronha sent 35 slaves from Brazil
to Portugal.
1512 Laws of Burgos were promulgated. Caribbean
1513 Balboa reached the Pacific Ocean. Panama
1514 Spain devised Requirement to warn natives. Caribbean
1516 Las Casas was
appointed Protector of Indians. Caribbean
1517 Pedrarias had Balboa beheaded. Panama
1517 Velazquez sent Cordoba to explore Yucatan. Mexico
1517 Contract to import 4,000 African slaves was made. Caribbean
1519 Smallpox wiped out Tainos on Española and Cuba. Caribbean
1519-21 Cortes led the
conquest of Mexico.
1522 Carlos V confirmed Cortes
as governor.
1524 Cortes promulgated
ordinances for New Spain.
1524 Spaniards fought over Honduras and Nicaragua. Central America
1524-33 Francisco Pizarro
explored and invaded Peru.
1524-41 Alvarado conquered Guatemala, killing 4 million. Central America
1526-32 Huascar and Atahualpa fought Inca civil war. Incas,
Peru
1527 Slaves revolted on Puerto Rico. Caribbean
1527-41 Montejo subjugated Yucatan. Mexico
1528 Narvaez began exploring Florida. Soto
1530 Carlos V banned making Indians slaves. Mexico
1531 Cult of the Virgin began in Guadalupe. Mexico
1532 Quiroga founded a hospital in Mexico
City.
1532 Martim Afonso de Sousa founded Sao Vicente. Brazil
1533 Francisco Pizarro
took gold and killed Atahualpa.
1533 Mexico bishop Zumarraga
exposed Guzman.
1534 Pedro Alvarado invaded Ecuador. Peru
1534, 1541 Cartier
explored St. Lawrence River.
1535 Francisco Pizarro
founded Lima.
1535 Carlos V assigned Peru to Pizarro
and Almagro.
1535-50 Viceroy Mendoza governed Mexico.
1536 Pope Paul III defended American Indians. Las Casas
1536 Manco organized an Inca rebellion. Peru
1537 Almagro took Cuzco from Pizarrists. Peru
1537 Las Casas used peaceful conversion in Vera Paz. Caribbean
1537-57 Irala governed Paraguay.South America
1538 Hernando Pizarro
defeated and killed Almagro.
1538 Quesada met Chibchas and founded Bogota. New Granada
1539-42 Soto explored
from Florida to the Mississippi.
1540-42 Mixton War enslaved 5,000. Mexico
1540-42 Coronado led
expedition north to Kansas.
1541 François authorized colonization of America. Canada
1541 Almagrists assassinated Francisco Pizarro.
1541 Valdivia founded Santiago in Chile. Peru
1542 Spain's New Laws tried to reform encomiendas. Peru
1542 Alonso Alvarado defeated Almagrists at Chupas. Peru
1542 Cabrillo explored the California coast. Mexico
1544 Las Casas became
bishop of Chiapas.
1545 Rich silver deposits were discovered at Potosi. Peru
1545 800,000 natives died of a new plague in Mexico.
1545-46 Natives wiped out Bahia and Sao Tomé in Brazil.
1546 Gonzalo Pizarro
defeated and killed Viceroy Vela.
1548 Gasca defeated and executed Gonzalo Pizarro.
1549 Tomé de Sousa was first royal governor of Brazil.
1549 Nobrega led first Jesuits to America in Bahia. Brazil
1550 Las Casas debated Sepulveda on Indians.
1550 Valdivia founded Concepcion in Chile. South America
1550 Zapotecs rebelled against Spanish rule. Mexico
1550-64 Viceroy Velasco governed Mexico.
1551 Lima ecclesiastical council condemned coca. Peru
1552 Las Casas published
8 tracts on colonial reform.
1553-54 Giron led a revolt in Cuzco but was defeated. Peru
1553-58 Caupolican led Araucanian revolt in Chile. South America
1556 Nobrega wrote Conversion of the Heathen. Brazil
1562 European diseases infected natives of Bahia. Brazil
1562-75 Ibarra conquered northwest Mexico.
1565 Menendez massacred
Huguenots at Fort Caroline.
1566 Inca Titu Cusi signed a treaty, became Christian. Peru
1568 Hawkins fought Spaniards at San Juan de Ulua. Caribbean
1569 Ercilla began publishing his poem La Araucana. South America
1569-82 Viceroy Toledo governed Peru. Peru
1572 Francis Drake attacked Panama. Central
America
1574 Moya brought the Inquisition to Mexico.
1574 Toledo organized forced labor in Peru.
1576-80 Epidemic killed two million natives in Mexico.
1580 Garay planned city of Buenos Aires. South America
1585-87 Raleigh
sponsored colony at Roanoke.
1586 Drake with 19 ships raided Cartagena. New Granada
1587 Caldera mediated treaties with Chichimecs. Mexico
1591-93 Inquisition purged Jewish influence in Brazil.
1593 Jesuits came to Chile.
1594 Raleigh explored the Orinoco River. Guiana
1596 Drake destroyed Santa Marta. New Granada
1598.6 Clifford led attack on Puerto Rico. West Indies
1598 Araucanian horsemen defeated Spaniards. Chile
1598-1608 Oñate explored and governed in New Mexico. Northern Mexico
1600 Silver-mining Potosi had 150,000 people.
Peru
1602 French formed the Canada
Company.
1602 Parker attacked and captured Puerto Bello. Central America
1607 Plymouth Company colony was abandoned.
1607 Jamestown
began; Pocahontas saved Smith.
1608 Felipe III allowed Jesuits into Rio de la Plata.
1608 Champlain
founded Quebec.
1608-97 Missionary Vieira
worked for reforms in Brazil.
1609 African slaves revolted at Veracruz. Mexico
1609 Hudson explored Hudson River for the Dutch. New Netherland
1610 Spanish Inquisition came to Cartagena. New Granada
1610 Yaquis made peace with Spaniards in Sonora. Northern Mexico
1610 Indians rebelled at Durango. Mexico
1611 France sent Jesuits to Canada.
1611-16 Dale and Gates governed Jamestown
strictly.
1612 Bishop Trejo founded Jesuit college at Cordoba. Rio de la Plata
1612 Valdivia implemented reforms in Chile.
1612 Virginia Company was granted Bermuda. Jamestown
1612 Jamestown
charter was revised; lottery began.
1613 Argall destroyed French colonies in Canada.
1614 Amsterdam company founded New Netherland.
1614 Rolfe exported tobacco, married Pocahontas.
1616.2 Champlain
mediated Huron-Algonquin peace.
1616 Groenewegen founded Kykoveral by Essequibo. Guiana
1616 Rolfe and Pocahontas
visited England.
1618 Raleigh was executed to satisfy Spain. Guiana
1619 Virginia
elected first Assembly.
1619.8 Dutch sold 20 Africans in Jamestown. Virginia
1620.11.21 41 Pilgrims
signed the Mayflower compact.
1621.3 Pilgrims
and Wampanoag Massasoit made treaty.
1621 Dutch West India
Company was chartered.
1621.10 Pilgrims,
Wampanoags celebrated thanksgiving.
1621-23 Viceroy Gelves reformed Mexico.
1621-56 Bradford
governed Plymouth almost every year.
1622.3.22 Powhatans and others killed 347 settlers. Virginia
1622 King James banned selling weapons to Indians. Plymouth
1623 Dutch and Walloons built Fort Orange. New Netherland
1624.5 Dutch fleet captured
Salvador in Bahia.
1624 British formed
the West Indies Association.
1624 Archbishop Serna excommunicated Gelves. Mexico
1624 Champlain
made peace with the Iroquois.
1624-28 Mohawks battled and defeated Mahicans. Iroquois
1625 English colonists landed at Barbados. West Indies
1625 Charles made Virginia
a royal colony.
1626 Felipe IV ordered offensive war in Chile.
1626 Minuit purchased Manhattan Island. New Netherland
1626 Pilgrims
bought out their stockholders.
1627 Richelieu founded Company of 100 Associates. Canada
1628 Piet Heyn captured lucrative Spanish fleet. Dutch,
Mexico
1628 Endecott began the colony of Salem. Massachusetts
1629.3 Charles granted Massachusetts Bay to Puritans.
1629 Tavares' slave raid took 5,500 Indians in Guaira. Brazil
1629 Araucanians captured Pineda. Chile
1630 Dutch fleet occupied
Recife and Olinda.
1630 Winthrop began Massachusetts
Bay colony.
1632 Récollet Sagard published a Huron dictionary. Canada
1632-75 Cecil Calvert
was Maryland proprietor. Calverts
1633-34 Smallpox wiped out Massachusetts
Indians. Connecticut
1634 Spaniards invaded Providence Island. West Indies
1634 Champlain
founded Three Rivers.
1635 Dutch and Brazilians
fought Sugar War.
1635 Massachusetts
required church attendance.
1636.1 Salem banished Roger Williams. Massachusetts
1636 Harvard College was founded. Massachusetts
1636-38 Massachusetts, Connecticut fought Pequots.
1637 Massachusetts
expelled Anne Hutchinson.
1637-44 Maurits governed Pernambuco for the Dutch.
1638.3 Williams
and Hutchinsons founded Rhode Island.
1638 Minuit founded New Sweden by the Delaware. New Netherland
1638 New Haven and Hartford elected governments. Connecticut
1639 Plymouth
freemen elected representatives.
1640-68 Portugal fought Spain for independence. Brazil
1641.3 Rhode Island
government was elected.
1642 Maisonneuve founded Montreal. Canada
1642 Massachusetts
annexed New Hampshire.
1643.3 Virginia required
Anglican conformity.
1643.5 Confederation of New England formed.
1643 Mohegans defeated the Narragansetts. New England
1643 Williams wrote
about American Indians.
1643-45 Kieft's War killed 1,600 Indians. New Netherland
1644.3 Parliament granted Rhode Island a charter.
1644.4.18 Indians killed 500 settlers in Virginia.
1644 Megapolensis published a book on Mohawks. New Netherland
1644 Williams published
Bloudy Tenent of Persecution.
1644.10.14 William Penn
was born in London.
1644-48 Dutch traded guns to Mohawks for furs. Iroquois
1645 Pessicus led Narragansett attack on Mohegans. New England
1646 Ward published Simple Cobler of Aggawam. New England
1646-47 Massachusetts fined Dr. Child for petitions. New England
1647-48 Dutch privateers
took 249 Brazilian ships.
1647-64 Stuyvesant governed
New Netherland.
1648 Plymouth
colony paid off its debt.
1649 Maryland protected
free exercise of religion.
1650 Anne Bradstreet's poetry was published. New England
1650 Pynchon published The Meritorious Price. New England
1650 Hartford Treaty divided Long Island. New
England, New Netherland
1651 British Navigation Act protected shipping. Virginia
1651 English began colonizing Guiana.
1651 Dutch arrested English colonists in Delaware. New Netherland
1651 Eliot founded Natick for Christian Indians. New England
1651.10 Massachusetts took over Maine. New England
1651-95 Juana Inés wrote poetry, plays, and essays. Mexico
1652 Barbados Charter included elected assembly. West Indies
1652-54 First Anglo-Dutch War was fought. New England, New Netherland
1652-60 House of Burgesses governed Virginia.
1653 Jesuits returned to Sao Paulo. Brazil
1653 Most Iroquois made
peace with the French.
1654.1 Dutch surrendered
Recife to Portuguese.
1654 Swedes captured Fort Casimir from Dutch. New Netherland
1654-57 Williams was
president of Rhode Island.
1655 Admiral Penn took Jamaica from Spaniards. West Indies
1655 New Amsterdam imported African slaves. New Netherland
1655 900 Indians invaded Manhattan. New Netherland
1655.9 Dutch ended New Sweden colony. New Netherland
1656.5 Mohawks massacred Hurons at Isle of Orleans. Iroquois
1656 Dutch and Jews occupied Cayenne. Guiana
1657-65 Massachusetts persecuted Quakers. New England
1658 Mohawks drove missionaries out of Onondaga. Iroquois
1658 Holyoke published Doctrine of Life. New England
1659 French founded
St. Domingue on Haiti.
1659-76 John Winthrop Jr. governed Connecticut. New England
1660-77 Berkeley governed
Virginia again.
1661 Vieira was expelled
from Brazil.
1661 Rio de Janeiro executed tax rebel Barbalho. Brazil
1661, 1663 Eliot published the Bible in Algonquian. New England
1662 Portugal took over the Brazil
Company.
1662 Connecticut stopped hanging witches. New England
1663.2 Louis XIV took over the Company in Canada. French
1663 Charles II granted Carolina
to 8 supporters.
1663 Dutch fought the Esopus tribe. New Netherland
1664 Colbert chartered French West India Company.
1664 Puerto Rico began granting slaves asylum. West Indies
1664 Duke of York granted New Jersey to proprietors.
1664.9.5 Dutch surrendered New Netherland to English.
1664, 1676 French took Cayenne back from the Dutch. Guiana
1664-68 Col. Nicolls governed New York benevolently.
1664-88 James was proprietor of New York.
1665-67 Second Anglo-Dutch War was fought.Virginia
1666 Pirates raided Costa Rica and Maracaibo. Central America, West Indies
1667 Breda Treaty gave New York to English.
1667 Breda Treaty gave Surinam back to Dutch. Guiana
1667 Breda Treaty gave Acadia back to French. Canada
1667 Iroquois League and French made peace. Canada
1667 Hurricane destroyed 10,000 houses in Virginia.
1668 Peace between Spain and Portugal opened trade. Brazil
1668-71 Morgan's pirates raided Panama. Central America, West Indies
1669 Penn in prison
wrote No Cross, No Crown.
1669 Locke wrote Fundamental Constitutions. Carolina
1670 English founded Charles Town, South Carolina.
1670.9 London jury acquitted Penn
and Quakers.
1671 Plymouth made Metacom
surrender his arms.
1671 Penn was imprisoned
six months for preaching.
1672 George Fox preached in Maryland.
1672-74 Third Anglo-Dutch
War was fought. New York
1672-82 Frontenac governed Canada.
1673 Marquette explored the Mississippi River. Canada
1673 Spaniards fortified San Agustin, Florida. Georgia
1673.8 Dutch took over New York for six months.
1673-95 Zumbi led quilombos revolt in Brazil.
1674 Stapleton convened Leeward Islands assembly. West Indies
1674-80 Governor Andros favored New York City.
1674-82 Joseph West governed Carolina.
1674-83 Quakers controlled West Jersey.
1674-88 Laval was first bishop of Quebec. Canada
1675.6 Metacom’s War in New England began.
1675 Popé and others were tried in Santa Fe. Northern Mexico
1675 Quakers began settling in West Jersey.
1675.9.9 New England
called out 1,000 militiamen.
1675-76 Metacom’s War
killed 3,600.
1676.2 1,500 Indians raided Massachusetts. Metacom's
War
1676.5.10 Governor Berkeley declared Bacon
a rebel.
1676.8.12 Metacom
was killed at Mount Hope.
1676.9.19 Bacon’s Rebellion
burned Jamestown.
1676.10.26 Bacon
died of dysentery.
1676-81 Randolph investigated New England colonies.
1677.1 Bacon’s Rebellion
in Virginia ended.
1677.12 John Culpepper led revolt in North Carolina.
1678 Dominicans formed university in Guatemala. Central America
1679 New Hampshire became a royal province. New England
1680 Buccaneers sacked Caracas. New Granada
1680.8 Popé led a united attack on Santa Fe. Northern Mexico
1681.2.24 Charles II granted Pennsylvania to Penn.
1681 Pope Innocent XI sanctioned Bethlehemites. Central America
1682.4 La Salle claimed
Louisiana for Louis XIV.
1682.4 Penn wrote
"Frame of Government."
1682.12.4 First Assembly of Pennsylvania
met.
1683.6 Penn signed
treaty with Lenni-Lenape.
1683 Van Horn and Laurent raided Veracruz. Mexico
1683-85 New York developed a democratic Assembly.
1684 Senecas besieged Fort St. Louis. Canada
1684.10 Massachusetts charter was judged forfeited. New England
1685 Louis XIV's Code Noir regulated slavery. West Indies, Canada
1685, 1690 Slaves on Jamaica revolted. West Indies
1686.8 Spaniards destroyed Stuart's Town in Carolina.
1686-89 Andros governed New England Dominion.
1687.3.19 La Salle
was murdered in Louisiana.
1687 Denonville went to war against the Iroquois. Canada
1687 John Wise led tax
resistance in New England.
1688 Barbados adopted a slave code.South Carolina
1688 Mennonites of Germantown protested slavery. Pennsylvania
1689.4.19 Massachusetts arrested Governor Andros. New England
1689.5 Leisler took over New York.
1689 Privateer Casse attacked Surinam and Berbice. Guiana
1689-97 King William's War fought French. Canada,
Massachusetts, Pennsylvania
1689-98 Frontenac
governed Canada during war.
1689-1714 Maryland
was a royal colony.
1690.2 French and Indians destroyed Schenectady. Canada
1690.5 Phips of Massachusetts captured Port Royal. Canada, New England
1690.10 British attack on Quebec led by Phips failed. Canada,
New England
1691.3 New York governor
Sloughter removed Leisler.
1691 William granted Massachusetts a new charter. New England
1692 High grain prices caused a riot in Mexico
City.
1692 Salem Witch Trials
hanged 19 people.
1692-97 Fletcher governed New York corruptly.
1693 New York supported
Anglican ministers.
1693 Penn wrote plan
for European peace.
1694 Penn wrote about
people called Quakers.
1695 College of William and Mary was founded. Virginia
1696 Louis XIV cancelled beaver permits. Canada
1696 Board of Trade formed for Navigation Acts. Massachusetts,
Pennsylvania
1696-98 Spaniards conquered Tarahumaras. Northern Mexico
1697 Ryswick Treaty tried to end piracy. West Indies
1697 Salvatierra founded a mission in Baja California. Northern Mexico
1698 Brazil's long gold
rush began.
1698-1700 Scottish colonists failed in Panama. Central America
1698-1727 Samuel Cranston governed Rhode Island.
1699 Iberville founded Biloxi in Louisiana.
Canada
1699 Woolen Act banned colonial exports. Massachusetts
1699 Virginia law
required church attendance.
1700 Sewall published The Selling of Joseph.
Massachusetts
1700 New York banned
Catholic priests.
1701.5.23 Captain Kidd was hanged in London. Massachusetts
1701 Connecticut
began college that became Yale.
1701.7 Cadillac started a trading post at Detroit. Canada
1701.8.6 38 chiefs made treaty with French Canadians. Canada
1701.10.28 Penn granted
Charter of Privileges.
1702 Cotton Mather
wrote Magnalia Christi Americana.
1702 New Jersey was
unified as a royal colony.
1702.9 South Carolina
governor Moore burned San Agustin.
1702-13 Queen Anne's War. Canada,
Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania,
South Carolina
1702-38 New Jersey
was under governor of New York.
1703 Jesuits introduced printing in Rio de la Plata.
1703 La Hontan wrote New Voyages to North-America. Canada
1703-25 Rigaud de Vaudreuil governed Canada.
1704.2.29 French and Abenakis attacked Deerfield. Canada,
Massachusetts
1704 Weekly Boston News-Letter began. Massachusetts
1705 Massachusetts
raised duty on imported Africans.
1706.1.17 Benjamin Franklin
was born in Boston.
1706 South Carolina
established Anglicans.
1707 John Williams published Redeemed Captive. Massachusetts
1707 New York arrested
Presbyterian Makemie.
1707-24 Saltonstall governed Connecticut.
1708 Spain allowed slaves to purchase their freedom. West Indies
1708 French privateers raided the Essequibo colony. Guiana
1708 Indian agent Nairne made peace with Choctaws. South Carolina
1709 Selkirk was rescued from Juan Fernandez Island. Chile
1709 Louis XIV banned selling beaver to English. Canada
1709 English expedition against Canada failed. Massachusetts,
New York
1710 Cotton Mather
published Essays to Do Good.
1710.9 Nicholson's forces captured Port Royal. Canada,
Massachusetts
1710-22 Col. Spotswood governed Virginia.
1711.8 British naval attack on Quebec failed. Canada,
Massachusetts
1711.9 5,800 French captured Rio de Janeiro. Brazil
1712 Massachusetts
banned importing Indian slaves.
1712 New York slave
rebellion was suppressed.
1712 South Carolina
founded the first land bank.
1712.11 Cassard's pirates raided Surinam and Berbice. Guiana
1713.3 Carolinians and Indians defeated Tuscaroras. North Carolina
1713 Utrecht Treaty gave slave trading to British. Mexico
1713 French ceded Acadia to England. Canada,
Massachusetts
1714 English conformity law required oaths. Pennsylvania
1714 Calvert proprietors of Maryland
were restored.
1715 Tuscaroras went north, joined Iroquois league. North Carolina
1715 South Carolina
fought the Yamasees.
1716.1 Cherokees signed a treaty with the English. South Carolina
1717 John Wise wrote
Vindication of the Government.
1717 Alabamas helped French build Fort Toulouse. Louisiana
1718.3 Chief Brims united the Creeks at Coweta. South Carolina
1718 Joao V approved selling Indians in Sao Luis. Brazil
1718 Bienville founded New Orleans as a capital. Louisiana
1718 New York allowed
Jews to be naturalized.
1718.11 Virginia
navy killed Blackbeard.
1718-32 Woodes Rogers governed the Bahamas. West Indies
1719 Louisiana began
importing African slaves.
1719 South Carolina
Assembly replaced proprietors.
1720 Maryland had
80,000 people and 25,000 slaves.
1720-21 John Law created a French financial bubble. Canada
1721.5 South Carolina became a royal colony.
1721 Cotton Mather advocated smallpox inoculation. Massachusetts
1721 Cotton Mather
published Christian Philosopher.
1722 Weekly Jamaica Courant began publishing. West Indies
1722 Gaceta de Mexico began its monopoly on news. Mexico
1722 Franklin wrote Silence Dogood secretly.
1722-24 Dummer's War fought Abenakis in Maine. Massachusetts
1723 A Belgian set up a printing press in Cuba.West Indies
1723 Pennsylvania
issued £45,000 in paper money.
1724 Meneses founded the Brazilian Academy. Brazil
1724 Louisiana excluded
Jews and Protestants.
1725 University of Caracas was founded. New Granada
1726-46 Beauharnois governed Canada.
1727 Colden wrote History of the Five Indian Nations. Iroquois
1727 Franklin started
the Junto discussion group.
1727 Maryland Gazette began publishing. Maryland
1727-49 William Gooch governed Virginia.
1728 Dominicans began a university at Havana. West Indies
1728 Caracas Company was given a trade monopoly. New
Granada
1729 Franklin wrote
"Busy-Body." Journalism
1729 Franklin wrote
on paper money.
1729 Franklin bought
the Pennsylvania Gazette.
1729 North Carolina
became a royal colony.
1729-31 French and Choctaws fought Natchez. Louisiana
1730 Almeida began regulating diamond mining. Brazil
1730 Mompo led a revolt in Asuncion. Rio de la Plata
1730 Virginia passed
Tobacco Inspection Act.
1730-41 Jonathan Belcher governed Massachusetts. Massachusetts
1731 Barbados Gazette began publishing. West Indies
1731 Viceroy Armendariz executed Antequera. Rio de la Plata
1731 Louisiana became
a royal colony,
1731 Franklin's Junto
began first circulating library.
1732 Brazil restricted
women from emigrating.
1732 George II granted Georgia
a non-profit charter.
1733.2 Oglethorpe
led settlers south of Savannah River.
1733 British passed the Molasses Act. Massachusetts,
New York, Virginia
1733 Virginia had
88,000 Europeans, 42,000 Africans.
1733-58 Franklin published Poor Richard’s Almanac.
1734 Escandon pacified Sierra Gorda in Mexico.
1734-52 Johnston governed North Carolina.
1735.4.3 Georgia banned importing slaves and alcohol.
1735 Jury acquitted publisher Zenger in New
York.
1736 Franklin became
Assembly clerk.
1736 Parks began publishing weekly Virginia Gazette. Virginia
1736.12 Franklin founded
Union Fire Company.
1736, 1739 Bienville attacked the Chickasaws. Louisiana
1737 Franklin became
deputy postmaster.
1737.9 Walking Purchase took land from Delawares. Pennsylvania
1738 Bogota got its first printing press. New Granada
1738 Whitefield came to Georgia.
1739.9 Slaves rebelled
near Charles Town.
1739.10 England declared war on Spain. West Indies, Rhode Island,
South Carolina
1740.5 2,000 English and Indians attacked San Agustin. Georgia
1740 Whitefield preached in New England. Great Revival
1740 South Carolina
had 39,000 African slaves.
1741 English attacked Cartagena. Massachusetts,
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina
1741 Zinzendorf's Moravians founded Bethlehem. Pennsylvania
1741-57 William Shirley governed Massachusetts. New England
1742 Edwards wrote
about the revival of religion.
1742 Franklin invented
a more efficient stove.
1742 Cherokees, Catawbas, and Iroquois made treaty. South Carolina
1742.6.22 Spanish fleet attacked St. Simons Island. Georgia
1742.7 Georgia
repealed prohibition of alcohol.
1743 Stephens succeeded Oglethorpe in Georgia.
1743-53 Admiral George Clinton governed New York.
1743-56 James Glen governed South Carolina.
1744.3 France and England declared war. British
1744.6.28 New England captured Louisbourg.
1744 Franklin founded
American Philosophical Society.
1744 Jonas Green revived the Maryland Gazette.
1744-48 King George’s War fought the French. New England
1745, 1747 70 ships going to Martinique were captured. French West Indies
1746 College of New Jersey began at Princeton.
1746 North Carolinans refused to pay taxes.
1746-51 William Johnson was New York’s Indian agent.
1746-52 La Jonquiere governed the French.
1746-55 Viceroy Güemes prospered in Mexico.
1747.5 British navy defeated La Jonquiere’s 5 ships. French
1747 Spaniards fought Comanches. Mexico
1747.11.17 Franklin’s “Plain Truth” advocated defense.
1747-49 La Galissoniere governed the French.
1747-57 Jonathan Belcher governed New Jersey.
1748 Joao V ended ransom expeditions in Brazil.
1748.10.18 Treaty gave Louisbourg back to the French.
1748-49 Creoles began protesting Caracas Company. New Granada
1748-49 Pennsylvania made treaties with Indian tribes.
1749.3 George II approved grant to the Ohio Company.
1749 Peru had two major Indian revolts.
1749 Franklin wrote on education, began Academy.
1749.8.2 Iroquois gave Croghan 200,000 acres by Ohio. French
1749-52 Edward Cornwallis governed Halifax. New England
1749-53 Franklin experimented with electricity.
1750.1 Mayhew preached right to representation. New England
1750.1 Portugal and Spain agreed on borders of Brazil. Rio de la Plata
1750 Smallpox killed 40,000 in Belem. Brazil
1750 Georgia repealed its anti-slavery law.
1750-77 Jose I ruled Portuguese empire with Pombal. Brazil
1751.8.15 Franklin appealed for a hospital.
1751-58 Robert Dinwiddie governed Virginia.
1752.4 Franklin started first fire insurance company.
1752-55 Duquesne governed the French.
1752-72 Gravesande directed Essequibo & Demerara. Guiana
1753 Chile monopolized tobacco.
1753 French built forts in Ohio valley. Canada
1753 Dinwiddie sent Washington to Fort Le Boeuf. Virginia
1753-73 Franklin was deputy postmaster of America.
1754.5.28 Washington led attack on French.
1754.6 English colonists met at Albany. New York Franklin
1754 Spain and Portugal agreed to dominate. Brazil Guiana
1754 New York City public library began.
1754.7 Washington surrendered Fort Necessity. English-French War
1754.8 Virginia House authorized £20,000 for defense.
1754.11 British authorized £1,000,000 for war on French.
1754, 1762 Woolman wrote against slavery. Pennsylvania
1754-56 Guarani War moved Jesuit missions in Brazil. Rio de la Plata
1755.1 Georgia’s first elected Assembly met.
1755.4 Virginia deported 1,150 Acadians to England.
1755.6.16 British defeated French Acadians.
1755 Brazil restored Indian rights.
1755 Cuba established a general post office.
1755 Connecticut Gazette began publishing. New England
1755 Mitchell published map of Mississippi Valley. Virginia
1755.7.9 French & Indians defeated Braddock’s British.
1755.7 Cherokees sold 360 square miles to England.
1755.11.25 Pennsylvania passed Franklin’s Militia Act.
1755-60 Viceroy Ahumada tried to reform Mexico.
1756.4.14 Pennsylvania declared war on Delawares.
1756.5.17 England declared war against France. English-French War
1756 Connecticut had 3,587 slaves. New England
1756 James Davis published North Carolina Gazette.
1756 Gov. Morris broke into Philadelphia warehouses. Sugar Tax
1756.8 Montcalm and French captured Fort Oswego.
1756-60 Lyttelton governed South Carolina.
1756-63 War increased British debt to £122,603,336. Sugar Tax
1757.2 Pennsylvania sent Franklin to London.
1757 Brazil abolished Indian slavery.
1757 Pennsylvania spent £127,000 on military.
1757.8 French captured Fort William Henry.
1758.2 Loudoun asked northern colonies for 6,992 men. French
1758.3 New England voted to raise 13,800 soldiers. French
1758.5 8 ships from France ended Canadian famine. French
1758 Viceroy Cevallos moved Indians across Uruguay. Brazil
1758 University in Chile began teaching law.
1758 English deported 5,637 French prisoners.
1759.7 Edmund Atkin made a treaty with Choctaws. Carolinas
1758.7.26 France surrendered Ile Royale and Ile St. Jean. French
1758.7.26 English took over Fort Niagara.
1758.7.31 French abandoned Fort Carillon. French
1758.10 Penn restored Iroquois land in the west. Pennsylvania
1758.11.25 English took over destroyed Fort Duquesne. Virginia
1759.2 Pennsylvania taxed land for £100,000.
1759 Bahia founded Brazilian Academy.
1759 Canada’s war expenses reached 30 million livres. French
1759 English colonies raised 17,000 to invade Canada.
1759 Cherokees and Creeks declared war on English.
1759.9.18 French surrendered Quebec to the English.
1759-88 Carlos III ruled Spanish empire. Rio de la Plata New Granada
1760 Brazil expelled 600 Jesuits.
1760 British Navy captured 30 smuggling ships. Sugar Tax
1760.9.8 French surrendered Montreal to the English.
1760-61 South Carolina fought Cherokees.
1761 Spain and Portugal made Treaty of Pardo. Brazil
1761 Smallpox killed 94,000 in Puebla and Mexico City.
1761 Spaniards killed 400 Comanches at Taos. North Mexico
1761.11 King Canek led by Mayan revolt. Mexico
1761.12.17 Cherokees made peace with South Carolina.
1762 Spaniards invaded Brazil, besieged Colonia.
1762 James Johnston became Georgia’s printer.
1762 James Otis Jr. wrote vindicating legislature. New England
1762.8 Delawares met with Iroquois at Easton. Pontiac
1762.11.3 France secretly ceded Louisiana to Spain. British Canada
1762-63 British invaded and occupied Cuba.
1763.2.10 Spain gave Florida to England in treaty. Mexico Georgia
1763.2.10 France ceded New France to England. New England Sugar Tax Canada
1763.3 Delaware’s Neolin prophesied new religion. Pontiac
1763.4 Boston merchants opposed tax on molasses. Sugar Tax
1763.4.27 Pontiac held a war conference.
1763.5.7 Pontiac tried to take Fort Detroit.
1763.5 Indians took over three forts. Pontiac
1763 Rio de Janeiro became Brazil’s capital.
1763 England annexed Dominica, Tobago, Grenada. West Indies
1763 England devalued New England’s money.
1763 13 colonies debt was £2,097,000. Pontiac
1763 American economy went into a depression. Sugar Tax
1763.7 General Amherst used smallpox against Indians. Pontiac
1763.7 Grenville ordered Customs officials to colonies. Sugar Tax
1763.8.6 Chief Pontiac was defeated at Bushy Run. Canada
1763.8 British took over West Florida from Spaniards. Western Frontier
1763.10.7 George III reserved west for Indians. Virginia Pontiac Western Frontier
1763.10 Pontiac ended war against English.
1763.10 Rhode Island merchants opposed Sugar Act.
1763.11.10 Creeks ceded land to Georgia.
1763.11 South Carolina gave Indians gifts.
1763.12 Patrick Henry called George III a tyrant in court. Virginia
1763-64 African slaves revolted in Berbice, Guiana.
1764.1.27 New York City merchants urged protests. Sugar Tax
1764.2 Franklin persuaded Paxton Boys to go home.
1764.4.5 England passed Revenue Act (Sugar Act). West Indies Sugar Tax
1764 Gazette de St. Domingue began publishing. Haiti
1764 Currency act banned paper money in colonies. Sugar Tax
1764 Otis wrote Rights of British Colonies Asserted. Sugar Tax
1764.8.10 Gov. Murray established two courts for Canada.
1764.10.31 North Carolina Assembly opposed British tax. Sugar Tax
1764.11.4 Gov. Hopkins read Rights of Colonies Examined. Sugar Tax
1765.1.14 Pitt called for repeal of the Stamp Act.
1765.3.22 British Stamp Act became law.
1765.5 Croghan convened Indian congress at Fort Pitt. Western Frontier
1765.5.15 British Quartering Act passed. Stamp Act
1765.5.30 Patrick Henry spoke against the Stamp Act.
1765.6.8 Massachusetts urged a congress in New York. Stamp Act
1765.6.24 Newport Mercury published Henry’s resolutions. Stamp Act
1765 Quito revolted against prohibition of alcohol. Peru New Granada
1765 13 English colonies had 1,750,000 people. Stamp Act
1765.8.14 Loyal Nine in Boston hanged Oliver in effigy. Stamp Act
1765.8.17 Croghan held Indian conference at Detroit. Western Frontier
1765.8.26 New York Stamp Distributor McEvers resigned. Stamp Act
1765.8.27 Newport mob attacked Distributors’ houses. Stamp Act
1765.9.19 New Jersey bar refused to use stamps. Stamp Act
1765.10 9 colonies attended congress in New York. Stamp Act
1765.10 Dulany wrote on the propriety of imposing taxes.Stamp Act
1765.10.31 200 New York merchants boycotted English. Stamp Act
1765.11.1 American newspapers stopped publishing. Stamp Act
1765.11.14 400 Philadelphia merchants boycotted English. Stamp Act
1765.11.25 New York Gazette published without stamps. Stamp Act
1765.12.6 200 Boston merchants stopped British imports. Stamp Act
1765.12 Dickinson warned Pitt 13 colonies would unite. Stamp Act
1765-71 Visitador Galvez reformed Mexico’s finances.
1766.1.14 Pitt called for repeal of the Stamp Act.
1766.1.17 London merchants urged repeal of Stamp Act.
1766.2.13 British Parliament questioned Franklin. Stamp Act
1766.2.22 Commons voted to repeal the Stamp Act.
1766.3.27 Commons voted to reduce tax on molasses. Stamp Act
1766.6.28 Grand Vicar Briand arrived in Quebec. Canada
1766 Bland wrote on the rights of British colonies. Stamp Act
1766-70 Guy Carleton governed Canada.
1767.2 Carlos III expelled Jesuits. Rio de la Plata Mexico
1767.6.24 Viceroy Croix ordered Jesuits in Mexico arrested.
1767.6.29 Townshend Revenue Act was enacted.
1767.10.1 Parliament suspended New York Assembly. Townshend Actss
1767.11.20 Townshend duties went into effect.
1767.12.4 Newport adopted non-consumption. Townshend Acts
1767.12 Dickinson published Letters from a Farmer. Townshend Acts
1768.1.20 Massachusetts legislature opposed taxes. Townshend Acts
1768 13 English colonies demanded representation. Townshend Acts
1768.10.1 700 British soldiers came to Boston. Townshend Acts
1768.11.3 Iroquois ceded land in Fort Stanwix treaty. Western Frontier
1769.1.2 American Philosophical Society elected Franklin. Townshend Acts
1769 Jose Basilio da Gama wrote poem O Uraguai. Brazil
1769 Colonies made non-importation agreements. Townshend Acts
1769-84 Serra founded and led California missions.
1769-84 Jonathan Trumbull governed Connecticut. Confederation
1770.1.31 426 women in Boston pledged not to use tea. Townshend Acts
1770.3.5 British soldiers in Boston killed five in a mob. Townshend Acts
1770.4 England repealed Townshend duties except tea.
1770 Murray brought Universalism to New England. Townshend Acts
1770.7.6 George III ordered martial law in Massachusetts. Tea Tax
1771.5.16 Militia fought Regulators in North Carolina. Western Frontier
1771 Jose I took over Brazil’s diamond mines.
1771 Connecticut prohibited the slave trade. Tea Tax
1771-79 Viceroy Bucarelli promoted missions, education. Mexico
1772.6.9 100 Sons of Liberty boarded the Gaspee. Tea Tax
1772 Scientific Academy subsidized in Rio de Janeiro. Brazil
1772.11.2 Sam Adams began correspondence committees. Tea Tax
1772-80 Jauregui governed Chile.
1773.5.1 England passed the Tea Tax Act.
1773 Pope Clement XIV abolished the Jesuits. Brazil
1773 Charleston imported 8,000 slaves. Townshend Acts
1773 Quebec annexed Indian territory. Canada
1773.9 Phillis Wheatley published her poems. Townshend Acts
1773.10 Daniel Boone led settlement of Kentucky. Western Frontier
1773.11 Gov. Dunmore granted veterans western land. Western Frontier
1773.12.16 Bostonians dumped British tea in the sea. Tea Tax
1773.12.27 Worcester formed American Political Society. Tea Tax
1774.1.29 British Parliament lectured Franklin. Tea Tax
1774.3.31 George III approved the Boston Port Bill. Tea Tax
1774.4 Quebec Act annexed land north of the Ohio. Western Frontier
1774.5.17 Rhode Island delegates proposed a congress. Tea Tax
1774.5.28 Virginians recommended an American congress. Tea Tax
1774.6 9 colonies endorsed the continental congress. Tea Tax
1774 Benezet wrote The Potent Enemies of America. Tea Tax
1774 Wilson wrote on the authority of Parliament. Tea Tax
1774 Jefferson wrote on the rights of British America. Tea Tax
1774 Ann Lee and Shakers came to New York. Tea Tax
1774 Hearne established Fort Cumberland. Canada
1774.9.3 General Gage fortified Boston. Tea Tax
1774.9.5 First Continental Congress met at Philadelphia.
1774.9.6 Worcester Convention banned British courts. Tea Tax
1774.9.27 Continental approved non-importation.
1774.10.9 Dunmore led Virginians against Indians. Western Frontier
1774.10.11 Massachusetts formed Provincial Congress. Continental Congress
1774.10.14 Continental Congress stated “Rights and Grievances.”
1774.10.26 Massachusetts formed a militia. Continental Congress
1774.12 Franklin in England tried to avert civil war. Continental Congress
1775.2.1 Pitt’s plan for reconciliation was defeated. Continental Congress
1775.3.23 Patrick Henry asked for liberty or death. Continental Congress
1775.4 11 colonies elected delegates to Continental Congress.
1775.4.19 British attacked Lexington and Concord. British War
1775.4.23 Congress voted to raise 13,600 men. British War
1775.5.1 British offered Virginia slaves freedom to fight. British War
1775.5.1 Quebec Act went into effect. Canada
1775.5.10 Georgia joined the Congress. British War
1775.5.10 Allen’s volunteers took Fort Ticonderoga. British War Canada
1775.5.10 2nd Continental Congress met in Philadelphia. British War
1775.5.29 Congress sent Jay’s letter to Canada. British War
1775.6.12 British declared martial law in Massachusetts. British War
1775.6.15 Congress elected Washington commander. British War
1775.6.17 Americans defeated British on Breed’s Hill. British War
1775 New Englanders were excluded from fisheries. Canada
1775.7.5 Congress adopted a petition to George III. British War
1775.7.12 Congress created 3 Indian departments. Frontier
1775.7.26 Congress elected Franklin postmaster general.
1775.8.23 George III ordered rebellion suppressed. Congress
1775.9.25 Allen was defeated & captured at Montreal. Congress Canada
1775.11.7 Gov. Dunmore declared martial law in Virginia. Congress
1775.11.13 Americans took over Montreal. Congress Canada
1775.12.31 Americans were defeated at Quebec. Congress Canada
1775-77 John Hancock was president of Congress. British War 1777
1776.1.10 Paine published Common Sense.
1776.3.17 British army left Boston. Congress
1776.4.6 Congress declared free trade.
1776.5.4 Rhode Island declared independence. Congress
1776.5.15 Virginia proposed debating independence. Jefferson
1776.5 10,000 British soldiers arrived in Canada. Canada
1776.6.7 R. H. Lee proposed independence. Declaration of Independence
1776.6.12 Virginia adopted Mason’s “Declaration of Rights.”Declaration of Independence
1776.6.15 Arnold’s army abandoned Montreal. Canada
1776.6.29 Virginia convention adopted a constitution. Declaration of Independence
1776.7.4 Congress approved independence unanimously. Declaration of Independence
1776.7 Americans attacked Cherokees. Frontier
1776.8.27 British defeated Americans on Long Island.
1776.9.8 Washington advised defensive war. British
1776.9.22 British hanged Nathan Hale as a spy.
1776.12.20 Congress met in Baltimore. 1776
1776.12.26 Washington captured 918 Hessians in Trenton. 1776
1776-78 Paine published American Crisis. 1776 1777 1778-79
1776-83 British army occupied New York City.
1777.1.1 Washington ordered army not to plunder. 1777
1777.1.9 Cartagena’s royal library was opened to public. New Granada
1777.1 Legislative Council met in Quebec. Canada
1777.2 Congress allowed price controls to help the poor. 1777
1777.3.7 Shawnees attacked Boonesborough. Frontier
1777 Viceroy Cevallos invaded Brazil. Rio de la Plata
1777 Vermont abolished slavery. Confederation
1777.8.6 400 Iroquois and Brant attacked 800 Americans. Frontier
1777.9.26 Howe’s British army entered Philadelphia. 1777
1777.10 Men rebelled against conscription in Baltimore. 1777
1777.10.17 Burgoyne surrendered 5,791 men at Saratoga. 1777
1777.10.31 Congress elected Henry Laurens president. 1777
1777.11.15 Congress adopted Articles of Confederation. 1777
1777.12.17 Franklin made alliance with France. 1777
1777-95 George Clinton governed New York. Confederation
1778.5.4 Congress ratified treaties with France. 1778-79
1778.5.8 Governor Carleton dismissed Chief Justice Livius. Canada
1778.6 Tories and Iroquois defeated Americans. Frontier
1778.6.17 France declared war on England. 1778-79
1778 Free trade was implemented in Venezuela. New Granada
1778 Spain banned miscegenation in colonies. Mexico
1778 2,500 American soldiers died at Valley Forge. 1778-79
1778 Chief Blackfish led invasion of Kentucky. Jefferson
1778.7.4 Virginians led by Clark captured Kaskaskia. Canada
1778.7.8 French fleet arrived at Delaware Bay. 1778-79
1778.9.17 United States recognized Delaware nation. Frontier
1778.10.19 Hamilton criticized war profiteering. 1778-79
1778.10.2 Governor Haldimand granted land to Iroquois. Canada
1778.12.9 Congress elected John Jay president. 1778-79
1778.12 British Navy took over St. Lucia. West Indies
1778.12.17 British and Indians took over Fort Vincennes. Frontier
1778-84 Viceroy Vertiz ruled Rio de la Plata.
1779.2 George Rogers Clark captured Fort Vincennes. Frontier
1779.5.11 British besieged Charleston. 1778-79
1779.6 Washington ordered attacks on Iroquois. Frontier
1779.6.21 Spain declared war on England. Frontier Canada
1779 French seized St. Vincent and Grenada. French West Indies
1779.9.23 John Paul Jones captured Serapis. 1778-79
1779.9.28 Congress elected Huntington president. 1778-79
1779,1780 Virginia elected Jefferson governor.
1780.1.31 Massachusetts constitution abolished slavery. 1780-81
1780.5.12 British captured Charleston. 1780-81
1780 Clavijero published Historia antigua de Mexico.
1780 French West Indies had 437,738 African slaves.
1780 Massachusetts abolished slavery. 1780-81
1780-81 Tupac Amaru II led Inca revolt in Peru.
1780-83 Indians revolted against Spaniards. Rio de la Plata
1780-85 Jefferson wrote Notes on the State of Virginia.
1780-85 John Hancock governed Massachusetts. Shays’s Rebellion
1781.1.1 American recruits mutinied at Princeton. 1780-81
1781.1.2 Virginia ceded land north of the Ohio. 1780-81
1781.3.1 13th state ratified Articles of Confederation. 1780-81
1781.3.16 Socorro and San Gil resisted taxes. New Granada
1781.3-5 Galvez and Spaniards captured Pensacola. Frontier
1781.4 20,000 comuneros marched to Bogota. New Granada
1781.6.12 William Pitt condemned the British war. 1780-81
1781 15 Universalists refused to pay tax to a church. Washington
1781.8 Spanish troops regained Bogota. New Granada
1781.10.19 Cornwallis surrendered 8,087 men. 1780-81
1782.1.7 Robert Morris began bank of the United States. Peacemaking
1782.2.27 British Parliament voted to stop the war. Peacemaking
1782.4.19 Netherlands recognized the United States. Peacemaking
1782 Viceroy Caballero granted a general amnesty. New Granada
1782 Chauncey wrote Salvation of All Men. Confederation
1782.7.27 Franklin wrote on the costs of the war. Peacemaking
1782.12.14 British fleet sailed from Charleston. Peacemaking
1783.1.20 British ceded East and West Florida to Spain. Frontier
1783.4.15 Congress ratified the Treaty of Paris. Peacemaking
1783.5 Continental officers began order of Cincinnati. Confederation
1783.6.8 Washington wrote letter to governors. Peacemaking
1783 Inca revolt in Huarochiri failed. Peru
1783 Treaty established British territory in Belize. Central America
1783 Noah Webster published his first speller. Shays’s Rebellion
1783.7.2 British barred American ships from West Indies. Confederation
1783.9.3 British ceded Ohio valley to Americans. Canada
1783.9 British regained Grenada, St. Vincent, St. Kitts. West Indies
1783.11.25 British troops and Tories left New York. Peacemaking
1783.12.20 Virginia ceded Ohio land claims to Congress. Peacemaking Frontier
1784.4.23 Congress adopted plan for adding states. Frontier
1784.6.9 Hamilton opened private Bank of New York. Confederation
1784.7 North Carolina ceded Tennessee to Congress.Frontier
1784.7.22 Spain closed Mississippi to American ships. Confederation Frontier
1784.8.30 France opened 7 ports to American ships. Confederation
1784.10.22 Treaty of Fort Stanwix was signed. Confederation Frontier
1784.12.14 Settlers formed state of Franklin in the west. Frontier
1784-88 United States suffered a depression. Confederation
1784-90 Viceroy Croix banned famous books in Peru.
1784-1803 Lasuen was president of California missions.
1785.1.11 Congress began meeting in New York. Confederation
1785.1.21 Treaty of Fort McIntosh was signed. Confederation Frontier
1785.5-11 Creeks made war on Georgians. Frontier
1785 Bilingual Montreal Gazette began. Canada
1785.10 Pennsylvania Council elected Franklin president. Confederation
1785.11 Cherokees ceded land to Americans at Hopewell. Confederation
1785-86 85,000 people died of starvation in Bajio. Mexico
1785-88 John Adams was minister to Britain. Confederation
1785-89 Jefferson was minister to France. Confederation
1785-94 Henry Knox was Secretary of War. Confederation
1786.1.10 Virginia approved separation of Kentucky. Frontier
1786.1.16 Virginia adopted Statute of Religious Freedom. 1786
1786.1.31 Shawnees signed treaty at Fort Finney. 1786
1786.2 Governor Anza made peace with Comanches. Northern Mexico
1786.2.28 British refused to evacuate northwest garrisons. 1786
1786 Joel Barlow wrote The Anarchiad. Shays’s Rebellion
1786.8.22 Massachusetts delegates discussed debt relief. Shays’s Rebellion
1786.9.5 Shays’ rebels blocked Massachusetts Court. Shays’s Rebellion
1786.9 Rhode Island court found a law unconstitutional. Shays’s Rebellion
1786.11.3 Creeks signed treaty fixing Oconee River border. Frontier
1786-87 Shawnees, Creeks, Cherokees fought settlers. Frontier